- The key to lip slurs is not tightening the embouchure, but rather changing the speed (velocity) of the airstream.
- Understand the overtone structure of the trombone and develop a physical sense for the 'sweet spots' where notes shift within the same slide position.
- When ascending, slightly narrow the oral cavity to accelerate the air, creating conditions for the lips to respond naturally.
- Always maintain relaxation during practice—eliminating excessive mouthpiece pressure is the fastest path to improvement.
Lip slurs on the trombone are a technique that serves as a barometer of a brass player's fundamental physical conditioning. This refers to the action of transitioning between different overtones using only lip vibration and air speed, without changing the slide position. Many players tend to think of "applying pressure with the lips" when ascending, but this is a major cause of inefficient playing. The correct approach is to "increase the velocity (speed) of the airstream," prompting the lips to respond naturally to a higher vibration frequency. Once you master this air-driven control, your playing is freed from tension, and you gain greater musical freedom.
How Overtones Work in Conjunction with Air
The trombone has seven positions, and each position contains numerous hidden overtones. Mastering lip slurs means being able to move freely among these overtones at will. During practice, don't just focus on changing notes—pay attention to how rich the tone quality is after each transition. By maintaining a continuous airstream, the resonance remains unbroken even as the notes change—therein lies the essence of true legato. Precisely because the trombone is an instrument that requires physical movement of the slide, the "continuity of air" achieved through lip slurs is what determines the quality of your performance.
Practice Steps
- In first position, perform a slow lip slur from middle B♭ to F. Keeping the air flowing without interruption is the top priority.
- At the moment the pitch ascends, check whether tension has crept into your throat or shoulders, and whether your abdominal muscles are properly supporting the air.
- Extend the same exercise to second position, third position, and beyond, checking whether you can slur equally well as the positions move further out.
- Once comfortable, slur three or more notes in succession, verifying that the airstream remains connected as a single, continuous line.
For trombonists, lip slurs are an essential fundamental exercise that you will continue to practice throughout your entire playing career. Understand the mechanics, cultivate the sensation of carrying your music on the flow of your air through this exercise, and pursue the smooth, expansive sound that defines the instrument.
